Abstract
Controlled flooding of the remaining gaps of former quarries (especially lignite quarries) and the formation of lakes that can take different uses is one of the ways of recovering and rehabilitating degraded mining lands which offer opportunities for sustainable development of a mining region. The advantages of such a solution are multiple, starting from the restoration of biodiversity, to economic and social benefits. Basically, several flooding techniques are known, but depending on the geological, geotechnical, hydrological and hydrogeological conditions characteristic for a particular region, these techniques must be adapted to the risks that may arise before, during and after flooding the remaining gap. Most of the times, the risks are of geotechnical nature and arise as a result of the interaction between the rocks and the mixture of loose rocks that form the final slopes and the dump with water. The paper is part of an extensive research, which is carried out under the concrete conditions of the remaining gaps in the Rovinari mining basin, and essentially aims at: identifying the main categories of geotechnical risks that can occur under the given conditions, determining the triggering factors, to produce negative geotechnical phenomena and their effects, as well as to identify the main measures to avoid them.
Highlights
Unlike the previous years, when the common practice in Romania was the abandonment of the mining perimeters at the end of the activity, today there is more emphasis on the recovery and reintegration of degraded lands into the landscape
The remaining gaps are often bordered by the final slopes of the quarry, and on the other side by the slopes of the inner dump
Unlike the rocks forming the final slopes of the quarry, the sterile rock in the dump are loose rocks, whose cohesion has been partially affected and pose a higher risk of slidding under the influence of various external factors
Summary
Unlike the previous years, when the common practice in Romania was the abandonment of the mining perimeters at the end of the activity, today there is more emphasis on the recovery and reintegration of degraded lands into the landscape. Risk/hazard maps are useful tools and can be developed as needed.In the case of remaining gaps in order to reduce and even eliminate geotechnical risks, it is important to know the characteristics of the site, such as geology and hydrogeology, geotehnic characteristics of the rocks. They allow the establishment of optimal methods for the recovery and rehabilitation of degraded mining lands, reuse directions and the determination of the optimal location of the objectives required for the reintegration of lands into the landscape. The flooding of the remaining gaps can be controlled flooding by establishing appropriate flooding techniques
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