Abstract
With increasing utilization of digital multimedia and the Internet, protection on this digital information from cracks has become a hot topic in the communication field. As a path for protecting digital visual information, image encryption plays a crucial role in modern society. In this paper, a novel six-dimensional (6D) hyper-chaotic encryption scheme with three-dimensional (3D) transformed Zigzag diffusion and RNA operation (HCZRNA) is proposed for color images. For this HCZRNA scheme, four phases are included. First, three pseudo-random matrices are generated from the 6D hyper-chaotic system. Second, plaintext color image would be permuted by using the first pseudo-random matrix to convert to an initial cipher image. Third, the initial cipher image is placed on cube for 3D transformed Zigzag diffusion using the second pseudo-random matrix. Finally, the diffused image is converted to RNA codons array and updated through RNA codons tables, which are generated by codons and the third pseudo-random matrix. After four phases, a cipher image is obtained, and the experimental results show that HCZRNA has high resistance against well-known attacks and it is superior to other schemes.
Highlights
Nowadays, rapid developments of Internet and digital technologies have led to tremendous digital multimedia contents transmitting over Internet networks
In [14], Askar et al proposed a chaotic economic map based image encryption method, whose simulation results indicated that the proposed algorithm could successfully encrypt and decrypt the images, and it had a good performance on security tests, except noise attacks analysis
The HCZRNA encryption has four stages: hyper-chaotic matrices generation (Sections 3.1.1 and 3.1.2), hyper-chaotic permutation (Section 3.1.3), 3D transformed Zigzag diffusion on surfaces of cubes, which is generated from initial cipher image (Section 3.1.4), and a bit-level Ribonucleic acid (RNA) operation (Section 3.1.5)
Summary
Rapid developments of Internet and digital technologies have led to tremendous digital multimedia contents transmitting over Internet networks. By using a single round based hyper-chaotic system, Shaikh et al presented a color image encryption method with bi-directional pixel diffusion [15]. Li et al presented a "transforming-scrambling-diffusion” model based color image encryption method with a four-dimensional (4D) hyper-chaotic system, which could convert pixel values to gray format before scrambling [16]. In [29], Chai et al presented a new diffusion mechanism that is based on the random numbers that are generated by plaintext image, and incorporated DNA encryption with four-wing hyper-chaotic system. Logistic and Sine map, extended Zigzag confusion, and RNA operation [23] All of these four schemes focus on gray image encryption. A novel 6D hyper-chaotic system is employed in this paper to produce chaotic matrix for permutation, diffusion, and RNA operation.
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