Hydrological bases of water resources management of the rivers of Northern Kazakhstan

Abstract

It is well known that directional global and regional climatic changes have been taking place in recent decades, in the considered area, where the underground feeding of rivers is insignificant, the river flow has decreased. In this regard, the river flow rate and total water resources of the river basins of Northern Kazakhstan are estimated in several ways: for a multi-year period, for the modern period, as well as for the period preceding it, a significant part of which is characterized by conditionally natural (not significantly transformed) river flow. Flow characteristics necessary for practice have been obtained: distribution parameters and probability values. Territorial peculiarities and regularities of annual flow distribution have been analyzed. The regional dependence of the annual flow on the determining physical and geographical factors has been derived. Appropriate recommendations for calculating the flow of unstudied rivers are given. The obtained results can be used in the development of specific principles of integrated water resources management of the considered territory, and the long-term forecasting of water resources under changing climate and changes in anthropogenic pressure on the water bodies of Northern Kazakhstan.