Hydrogen Production and Storage Methods

Abstract

Conventional fuels are not renewable resources and are getting depleted day by day. In addition, the by-products of the combustion of these fuels cause environmental problems. This situation, which threatens the world, has led to the search for new energy sources. Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, creates a potential for solving these problems. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, with the highest energy content per weight of all conventional fuels. But unlike conventional fuels, hydrogen is not easily found in nature and is produced from primary energy sources. Therefore, it is a renewable fuel. When used in a fuel cell, only water is produced as a by-product. From this point of view, when compared to any fuel, it stands out as a fuel with the highest energy content and does not contain carbon. The biggest problem in using hydrogen gas as a fuel is that it is not found in nature and economically cheap production methods are needed. Hydrogen can be produced in two different ways, biological and chemical. Chemical methods are not preferred because they are costly. Biological methods, on the other hand, are low-cost, sustainable, environmentally friendly methods. In this study, information of hydrogen energy and its historical development is given. Thus, a projection is made for the importance and future of hydrogen energy. Then, hydrogen production methods are explained and compared. In addition, information about hydrogen storage types is given.