HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE AND SPRAY REMOVAL IN STABILIZED THREE-PHASE FOAM LAYER

Abstract

Industrial implementation of the stabilization method of the gas-liquid layer can significantly expand the field of use of foaming apparatus and opens up new opportunities for intensifying technological processes with the simultaneous creation of low-waste technologies. The article establishes the basic parameters influencing the hydrodynamics of foam apparatus, considers the basic constructions and operating modes of foam apparatus. The connection of hydrodynamic parameters is revealed. The hydrodynamic laws of the foam layer are considered. The indicated factors affecting the process of mass transfer, both in the gas and in the liquid phases. The conducted analysis of a number of studies showed that the perspective direction of intensification of the mass transfer process is the development of apparatuses with a three-phase fluidized bed of an irrigated nozzle of complex forms with mesh materials. A new design of the stabilizer with a large free volume and a spherical movable nozzle was developed. The advantage of the proposed design is the transition to a structured foam mode of operation at relatively low gas speeds, as well as a developed phase contact surface. After experimental studies of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the combined contact element, experimental data on hydrodynamic resistance and experimental indicators of spray attribution for a contact stage with combined contact elements were obtained. As a result of research, it was found that when using foam layer stabilizers, the spray ratio at the contact stage is reduced, which leads to more stable operation of the device. Empirical equation for determining the value of the spray attribution is given. It is indicated that the mechanism of transition of the nozzle to the mode of advanced fluidization will be significantly different from conventional ballistic nozzles. The study of mass transfer in an absorber with a fluidized bed of an irrigated nozzle is complicated by the fact that the contact surface between phases can vary considerably depending on the hydrodynamic conditions, in particular, on the speed of gas and irrigation density.