Abstract
In the same way as Descartes defined body and soul, linguistic expression and meaning can be defined as extensive and divisible and as inextensive and indivisible respectively. Linguistic meaning is analysed in a model containing 1) the situation or scene of communication, 2) the physical utterance act, 3) the inextensive thought which is what the utterance counts as, and 4) the situation that the thought is a representation of. The thought is inextensive in time and space, but organized in a logical hierarchy of conceptual meaning included in propositional meaning, included in informational meaning, included in interactional meaning. Such a model of linguistic meaning makes it possible to make a functional analysis of, among other things, the overwhelming amount of monosemiation of the almost always polysemic lexemes of language.
Highlights
In the same way as Descartes defined body and soul, linguistic expression and meaning can be defined as extensive and divisible and as inextensive and indivisible respectively
Udtrykket er altid individuelt; der er kun en der taler
Som Descartes skriver: det at tænke er bl.a. at hævde og benægte, to begreber som kun giver mening i en dialog, tanker forudsætter andre bevidstheder som tænkeren er i dialog med
Summary
Som jeg har talt om det her, er betydning kun noget der eksisterer i kommunikationssituationer; betydningen er således ikke i lydsvingningerne eller i skriftens blæk eller tryksværte, betydningen er inde i hovederne på dem der taler eller skriver sammen. Elementerne i denne kommunikation kan beskrives således: Dette billede af betydning er mere differentieret end man finder det hos grammatikere og logikere; de skelner som regel ikke mellem tanken (T) og den omtalte situation (So). Fysisk set er tankerne inde i hovedet på soldaten selvfølgelig andre processer end tankerne inde i heksens hoved, men de to tanker er de samme i den forstand at de er repræsentationer af: ← den samme omtalte situation, som i dette tilfælde er en del af kommunikationssituationen; hunden sidder jo faktisk lige neden under det sted hvor de står på landevejen. Med andre ord: den tanke som soldaten får inde i sit hoved, når heksen siger Oven paa den sidder en Hund, er den samme tanke som han får senere, da han kravler ned i træet og møder hunden
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