HUMAN CAPITAL AND THE REFORM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

Abstract

At present, the world economy is characterized by the transition to the VI Kondratiev cycle. The most important factors for the success of this transition are human capital and education capital, as well as the education system as the sphere of their formation. To ensure that the education system meets the new requirements, it needs to be reformed. The state of the Russian education system is determined by its recent belonging to the Bologna system. The introduction of the principles of the Bologna system is an unfortunate example of the “transplantation” of a borrowed institution. The failure is caused by the radical differences in the philosophy of education of the Bologna system from the traditional one for Russia. In the context of the commercialization of higher education, the quality of applicants and graduates has decreased, and higher education has devalued in general. The authors prove that education is a public good and should not be commercialized. Among the problems of the development of the modern system of higher education, which must be overcome in the course of reform, the authors include the lack of funding, the uneven regional distribution of financial support for universities, which leads to a number of negative social and negative consequences. Another problem that needs to be addressed is the non-optimal age structure of the teaching staff. The severity of this problem is so high that it threatens to create a "break in traditions". The article analyzes the factors of low attractiveness of the profession of a higher education teacher for young people: low wages compared to other areas of activity; official information on the excess proportion of the population with higher education; the specifics of young people's ideas about the possibility of obtaining the fullness of information from the Internet, etc.