Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, metabolites secondary and pharmacology activities of methanolic extract of Marrubium vulgare collected from King Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the primary mode of action of the tested extract was studied here for the first time against E. coli and L. monocytogenes. HPLC analysis shows that the major components in the tested extract are luteolin-7-O-d-glucoside, ferulic acid and premarrubiin. Obtained data demonstrated that the investigated extract was richer in phenol (26.8 ± 0.01 mg/GAE g) than in flavonoids (0.61 ± 0.05 mg EC/mL). In addition, the methanolic extract showed an important antioxidant capacity against the DPPH (IC50 = 35 ± 0.01 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 25 ± 0.2 µg/mL) radical scavenging and a strong inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme with an IC50 value corresponding to 0.4 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity demonstrated that the evaluated extract had significant activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The effect of time on cell integrity on E. coli and L. monocytogenes determined by time–kill and bacteriolysis tests showed that the M. vulgare extract reduced the viability of both strains after 8 and 10 h and had a bacteriolytic effect against two different categories of bacteria, Gram-positive and negative, which are not of the same potency. Based on obtained data, it can be concluded that Saudi M. vulgare has a high pharmacological importance and can be used in preparation of food or drugs.
Highlights
The plant kingdom is an important source of natural remedies for different diseases.Due to their potential activities, the valorization of medicinal plants used by popular tradition is becoming very interesting [1]
Given that the aqueous extract of M. vulgare was not active against bacteria and the acethycolinesterase enzyme, we were limited in the current study to the determination of the chemical composition and biological activities of the methanolic extract of M. vulgare
The obtained data revealed the presence of eight polyphenolic compounds in Saudi M. vulgare methanolic extract: premarrubiin, luteolin-7-O-D-glucoside, ferulic acid, terniflorin, cirsimaritin, amentoflavone, marruboside and gallic acid
Summary
The plant kingdom is an important source of natural remedies for different diseases. Due to their potential activities, the valorization of medicinal plants used by popular tradition is becoming very interesting [1]. Marrubium vulgare L. is one of medicinal plants that is grown and distributed in Saudi Arabia and is a very common plant in North Africa, Central and West Asia and Southern Europe [5]. Is one of medicinal plants that is grown and distributed in Saudi Arabia and is a very common plant in North Africa, Central and West Asia and Southern Europe [5] It has been used in traditional medicine for various purposes. E. coli and L. monocytogenes was assessed by time–kill and Lysis assays
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