Abstract
Research on residential and housing inequality in the cities under central planninghas a long tradition. However, previous studies have mostly focused on age and socialsegregation, while ethnic di.fferences have been poorly investigated. This researchclarifies the ethnic di.fferences in housing ownership and living conditions in Tartu,Estonia, in the Sovi et period. We use individual-level data from the 1989 census andmultivariate analysis. Our analysis shows that, first, non-Estonians had better accessta state housing than Estonians. The ethnic di.fferences decrease, but remain significantwhen controlling for compositional di.fferences. Second, it appears that Estonianshad more living space, while non-Estonians lived in more comfortable conditions.Di.fferences in housing ownership and population composition explain most afthe ethnic di.fferences in housing size, but the di.fferences in housingfacilities remain.We argue that both the state policy and the di.fferent traditions and values were responsiblefor the housing di.fferences between Estonians and non-Estonians in Tartuduring the Soviet period. The role af the pre-WWII legacy should be considered as well.
Highlights
Research on residential and housing inequality in the cities under central planning has a long tradition
The se studies have focused on three characteristics of segregation - those of age, social status and ethnicity - and discuss the similarities and differences of segregation in countries under central planning compared to the Western countries
The results show that non-Estonians were more likely to live in state housing than Estonians
Summary
Research on residential and housing inequality in the cities under central planning has a long tradition. Earlier studies reveal a rather modest social segregation (e.g., Rukavishnikov 1978, 73- 76), while later studies present significant differences of residence and housing according to education and occupation (e.g., Dangschat 1987, 55-57; Ladanyi 1989, 561; Rowland 1992, 586-587) This has led to the more diverse explanations of social segregation compared to age-wise segregation. We have access to the individual-level census data and we use multivariate methods These enable us to discriminate both the role of "compositional effect" and the factors related directly to ethnicity in housing inequality along the ethnic line. In analyzing the data we will focus on the ethnic differences in housing ownership and living conditions This leads us to a discussion on the causes of ethnic segregation in countries under central planning
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