HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF ENDOMETRIAL LESIONS IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE- A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Endometrial sampling is most often performed for abnormal uterine bleeding. Irregular cycles, abnormal and dysfunctional uterine bleeding is considered to be one of the most common presenting symptom in gynaecological practice amongst all age group of patients. Early detection of precursor lesions and exclusions of malignancy is a diagnostic challenge for pathologist. This study aims at evaluation of the histopathological spectrum of endometrial lesions common for particular age group, presenting complaints and underlying cause for the same. Materials and methods: A prospective study for a period of 2 years from January 2021 to December 2022 in the Department of Pathology. Total of 870cases , between 18-80years were included. Histopathological study was done and each sample was categorized on the basis of age, bleeding pattern and histomorphological patterns. The mean age was found out to be 42.5±2 years. M Results: ost common age group was 3rd and 4th decade with 231 patients (26.55%) of 31-40 years and 226 patients (25.97%) of 41-50 years with lower abdominal pain and menorrhagia [210 cases (24.13%) & 191cases(21.83%) respectively], proliferative phase endometrium was noted in 35.74% cases, disordered proliferative endometrium and endometrial polyps in 10.34% cases , non atypical hyperplasia was seen in 8.39% cases, pill endometrium in 3.33% and endometrial carcinoma contributed to 0.46%. Perimenopausal period is a vulnerable age group to a numbe Conclusion: r of endometrial lesions. Lower abdominal pain and menorrhagia were most common clinical presentation and confronted wide spectrum of histomorphological changes in endometrial samples presenting with various patterns of bleeding ranging from normal cyclical changes to malignancy. It is observed that patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle and low socioeconomic status are more proned to these conditions. Histopathological examination plays a vital role in diagnostic evaluation as a rst modality and therapeutic management