Histologic Observation, Identification and Secondary Metabolites Analysis of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. F. & Thomson

Abstract

The endophytic fungi could be isolated from the plant host to observed. The purpose of this research is to: 1) observe the endophytic fungi location in the C. odorata plant tissue; 2) identify each endophytic fungi isolated from C. odorata leaf, twig, and flower petal; 3) analyze the secondary metabolites contents of each endophytic fungi species. The location of endophytic fungi in the plant tissue observed by microscopic observation. The endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaf, twig, and flower petal of C. odorata plant by cutted these plant parts, then inoculated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium and incubated in 27°C during 7 x 24 hours, each fungi were isolated, then the morphology and microscopic characteristic of each fungi colony isolates were described and identified. Each endophytic fungi isolates inoculated in Potato Dextrose Broth medium and shaked in 120 rpm during 7x24 hours, afterwards the secondary metabolites content were analyze using spectrophotometric method. The research result were: 1) the endophytic fungi location are on the epidermis cell wall and on the stomata guard cell wall of the leaf tissue, on the parenchymal cell wall of the twig tissue, and on the epidermis cell wall of the flower petal tissue; 2) Nine endophytic fungi species isolated from the C. odorata are: Nigrospora sphaerica, Colletotrichum alienum, Mycellia sterilia 1, C. kahawae, Rhizoctonia sp., C. aotearoa, Micellia sterilia 2, C. alatae, and C. queenslandicum. 3) the secondary metabolites contents produce by each endophytic fungi species: flavonoid (654 to 1793.13 mg· kg−1), tannin (29.36 to 52.21 mg· kg−1), saponin (2.31 to 3.35 mg· kg−1), alkaloid (23.05 to 40.28 mg· kg−1), and terpenoid (85.53 to 155.48 mg· kg−1).