Abstract
The green biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has been proved to have many advantages over other methods due to its simplicity, large-scale production, ecofriendly approach, and high catalytic efficiency. This work describes a single-step technique for green synthesis of colloidal silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the extract from Caulis Spatholobi stems. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy measurements were used to optimize the main synthesis factors, including metal ion concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature via surface plasmon resonance phenomenon. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the possible functional groups responsible for reducing and stabilizing the synthesized MNPs. The powder X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the biosynthesized MNPs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical shape of MNPs with an average size of 10-20 nm. The obtained MNPs also exhibited the enhanced catalytic activity in the reduction of 2-nitrophenol and 3-nitrophenol.
Highlights
Noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) are considered as an important class in the generation of nanomaterials for catalytic degradation of organic pollutants due to their extraordinary large surface area and great dispersion in aqueous solutions [1]
It was reported that the formation of MNPs using plant extract from Alfalfa sprouts could be accomplished under normal conditions in a short period of contact time
The MNPs biosynthesized by plant extracts are mostly polydispersed because of the different nature of organic molecules, which act as reducing agents [3]
Summary
Noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) are considered as an important class in the generation of nanomaterials for catalytic degradation of organic pollutants due to their extraordinary large surface area and great dispersion in aqueous solutions [1]. Many different approaches for the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs have been developed, including physical, chemical, and biological methods [3]. Compared with the traditional chemical methods, biogenic synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs using herbal plant extracts is an ecofriendly solution due to its sustainable nature and environmentally benign [5]. Extracts from different parts of plants such as leaves [7,8,9,10], flowers [11,12,13,14], stems [15,16,17,18], latex [19,20,21], roots [22, 23], and seeds [24,25,26] are intensively utilized for MNP synthesis.
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