Abstract
Abstract There is a growing environmental and health concern associated with contamination by heavy metals. It has also been intensified due to an increase of the exposure to such pollutants as a result of industrial and technological growth. Therefore, it is necessary to remove heavy metals in contaminated water to eliminate the associated risks. This study focused on the removal of heavy metal ions using silica sulfuric acid (SSA). A comprehensive study was conducted to assess the effect of different factors on the adsorption by SSA as well as selectivity properties of the adsorbent, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption process. A batch test was used to remove heavy metals from a multi-element solution containing Ni(II), Pb(II), Mn(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II). The results showed that removal rate reached its peak at pH, string time, and adsorbent amount equal to 8, 60 min, and 0.04 g/mL of solution, respectively. The removal efficiency of Ni2+, Cd2+, Mn2+ dropped by increasing the volume of solution and smoothed at 150 mL while the removal of Pb2+ and Cu2+ did not vary with the volume. The removal efficiency by SSA was decreased as Pb > >Mn > >Ni ≥ Cu > Cd. In general, SSA successfully removed heavy metals from contaminated water.
Highlights
Discharge of industrial wastewater to rivers and lakes leads to the deposition of pollutants in the sediments
It should be noted that the preparation of silica sulfuric acid (SSA) could generate acidic wastewater and the hazards associated with waste generated from SSA production need to be considered in practical purposes
Hydroxide ions in an alkaline environment can form a complex with the majority of heavy metals and precipitate
Summary
Discharge of industrial wastewater to rivers and lakes leads to the deposition of pollutants in the sediments. Heavy metals cannot be destroyed through the biodegradation process, so they are carried by many organic. Outbreaks of disease caused by the accumulation of heavy metals in fish, shellfish, bivalve shells, sediments, and other components of aquatic ecosystems for years have been reported from around the world (Eisler ; Gunnison ). The removal of heavy metals from wastewater and aquatic ecosystems is necessary to prevent the spread of environmental pollution. Different methods are used to remove heavy metals from wastewater or contaminated water, including
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