Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are regarded as one of the most promising kinds of materials in a variety of fields, including agriculture. Therefore, this study aimed to biosynthesize and characterize ZnO-NPs and evaluate their different biological activities. Seven isolates of actinomycetes were obtained and screened for ZnO-NPs synthesis. The isolate MK-104 was chosen and identified as the Streptomyces plicatus MK-104 strain. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited an absorbance peak at 350 nm and were spherical in shape with an average size of 21.72 ± 4.27 nm under TEM. XRD and DLS methods confirmed these results. The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs demonstrated activity against plant pathogenic microbes such as Erwinia amylovora, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliform and Alternaria alternata, with MIC values ranging from 15.6 to 500 µg/mL. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs had a significant effect on Meloidogyne incognita, with death percentages of 88.2, 93.4 and 96.72% after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure, respectively. Vicia faba seeds were treated with five concentrations of ZnO-NPs (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL). Low-moderate ZnO-NP concentrations (12.5–50 µg/mL) were shown to promote seed germination and seedling development, while the mitotic index (MI) decreased as the dosage of ZnO-NPs increased. Micronuclei (MNs) and the chromosomal abnormality index increased as well.
Highlights
Nanotechnology is currently generating a lot of excitement and it can be divided into three categories: physical, chemical and biogenic [1]
Seven actinobacterial isolates coded as MK-100–106 were isolated from soil samples and screened for the biogenic synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs)
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Summary
Nanotechnology is currently generating a lot of excitement and it can be divided into three categories: physical, chemical and biogenic [1]. Plant-parasitic nematodes, fungi and bacteria, Erwinia amylovora, are some of the main elements that impact crop growth and development. Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are some of the greatest and most serious agricultural pests in Egypt, affecting a variety of field and vegetable crops, including tomato [21,22]. The management of these parasites is difficult and involves growing environmental concerns; the continuous search for new nematode control strategies has recently accelerated. The appropriate quantity of ZnO-NPs may have a beneficial impact on seed germination and seedling growth in a variety of plant species (including crops) [27,28,29]. The study aimed to assess the antibacterial and antinematodal efficacies of biosynthesized ZnO-NPs against different plant diseases, as well as the influence of biosynthesized ZnO-NPs on Vicia faba seed germination, shoot and root length and cytogenetic effects in vitro
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