Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have shown great promise in biomedical applications. The exact mechanism and mode of action of AgNPs regarding antimicrobial activity are still not well known. Moreover, synthesis of nanoparticles by physical and chemical methods is expensive and not ecofriendly. This study highlights the green, rapid, facile, cost-effective and ecofriendly synthesis of AgNPs using Pseudoduganella eburnea MAHUQ-39 and also investigates their antibacterial mechanisms. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image revealed a spherical shape of the AgNPs. The size of the synthesized AgNPs was 8 to 24 nm. The elemental mapping and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed the crystalline structure of AgNPs. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis identified the functional groups that are involved in the reduction of silver ion to AgNPs. The green synthesized AgNPs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogenic microbes. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 100 μg/mL and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively, and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 200 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL, respectively. Our data demonstrated that synthesized AgNPs created structural changes of cells and destroyed the membrane integrity of strains S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Therefore, AgNPs synthesized by strain MAHUQ-39 can be used as a powerful antimicrobial agent for various therapeutic applications.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NPs) are a wide class of materials that attract many researchers because of their small size (1–100 nm), unique properties, large surface area, increased reactivity, ability to enter the human body and different applications in various fields of modern science, including agricultural and medical sciences
The current study reports the green, facile and rapid synthesis of AgNPs using a culture supernatant of Pseudoduganella eburnea MAHUQ-39 and displays their antibacterial efficacy and mechanisms against drug-resistant human pathogens
The method used in this study for green synthesis of AgNPs is rapid, facile, straightforward, convenient, economical and ecofriendly
Summary
Nanoparticles (NPs) are a wide class of materials that attract many researchers because of their small size (1–100 nm), unique properties, large surface area, increased reactivity, ability to enter the human body and different applications in various fields of modern science, including agricultural and medical sciences. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are broadly used nanoparticles because of their potential applications in various fields of science, including optoelectronics, optics, pharmaceutical and medical sciences for the development of drug delivery systems, therapeutic agents, biosensors, gene therapy, etc. It is reported that AgNPs have strong antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, out of which the antimicrobial properties of AgNPs protect against pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic micro-organisms, have been exploited [3,10]. Previous reports suggest that AgNPs have strong sterilization and bactericidal effect against many drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms [11]. The exact mechanism and mode of action behind the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs are still not well known. AgNPs are becoming an ideal candidate in biological and medical sectors due to their antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and anticancer efficacies [3]
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