Abstract
The use of bacteria as nanofactories for the green synthesis of nanoparticles is considered a sustainable approach, owing to the stability, biocompatibility, high yields and facile synthesis of nanoparticles. The green synthesis provides the coating or capping of biomolecules on nanoparticles surface, which confer their biological activity. In this study, we report green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by an environmental isolate; named as AgNPs1, which showed 100% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with Solibacillus isronensis. UV/visible analysis (UV/Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The stable nature of nanoparticles was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Further, these nanoparticles were tested for biofilm inhibition against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The AgNPs showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 3.12 µg/mL and 6.25 µg/mL for E. coli, and 1.56 µg/mL and 3.12 µg/mL for P. aeruginosa, respectively.
Highlights
Since ancient times, silver has been well known for its antimicrobial nature and, in various forms, such as silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine, and metallic silver, has been applied for treatment of multiple infections [1]
S. isronensis has been reported as Gram-positive, rod shaped, spore forming bacterium isolated from upland soil [37]
The cell free supernatant showed transformation of silver ions to AgNPs gradually, which was visible owing to the change in color of reaction mixture from pale yellow to deep brown after the completion of the incubation period (48 h) (Supplementary Figure S1a) [38]
Summary
Silver has been well known for its antimicrobial nature and, in various forms, such as silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine, and metallic silver, has been applied for treatment of multiple infections [1]. This effect is the result of the generation of silver ions when the silver salts encounter water. Silver ions are powerful antimicrobials and are used for biomedical applications, such as biofilm inhibition on catheters, wound treatment, and so on. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are less susceptible to sequestration owing to their small size, and are more effective as antimicrobials agents. AgNPs have proven their efficacy against a variety of multidrug-resistant microorganisms [2,3,4]
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