Green Synthesis and Investigation of Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Using Eryngium bungei Boiss Plant Extract

Abstract

Metal nanoparticles synthesis using plant extracts and the study of their medicinal effects is a relatively new topic. Many chemical techniques have been proposed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), but green synthesis has a special place due to its clean and non-toxicity. Eryngium bungei Boiss plant was selected for this study due to its reducing properties and medicinal properties. The effect of various factors including concentration of silver nitrate, contact time and pH were investigated to reach optimum conditions. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the reaction between extract and silver nitrate after 20 min at room temperature and pH 12. The obtained nanoparticles were analyzed by XRD, UV–Vis, FESEM, EDX analysis to determine the crystals, morphology, identification of constituents, identification of unknown substances and particle distribution, respectively. The absorption of silver nanoparticles at 438 nm was measured using spectrophotometer machine. Particle size, morphology and antibacterial activity against standard strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli; ATCC® 25922™), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumonia; PTCC® 700603™) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus; PTCC® 16538™) were investigated and the results showed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles have antibacterial properties. Due to the antibacterial results, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles enhanced antibacterial efficiency against S. aureus, K. pneumonia and E. coli bacteria with MIC value of 27.34, 27.34, 6.83 µg/ml and MBC value of 54.68, 109.3 and 13.67 µg/ml, respectively. The results of this study showed that the synthesis of silver nanoparticles can be performed using the extract of Eryngium bungei Boiss and the synthesized nanoparticles by this extract have effective antibacterial effects.