Abstract
The main goal of bone tissue engineering (BTE) is to refine and repair major bone defects based on bioactive biomaterials with distinct properties that can induce and support bone tissue formation. Graphene and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO), display optimal properties for BTE, being able to support cell growth and proliferation, cell attachment, and cytoskeleton development as well as the activation of osteogenesis and bone development pathways. Conversely, the presence of GO within a polymer matrix produces favorable changes to scaffold morphologies that facilitate cell attachment and migration i.e., more ordered morphologies, greater surface area, and higher total porosity. Therefore, there is a need to explore the potential of GO for tissue engineering applications and regenerative medicine. Here, we aim to promote one novel scaffold based on a natural compound of chitosan, improved with 3 wt.% GO, for BTE approaches, considering its good biocompatibility, remarkable 3D characteristics, and ability to support stem cell differentiation processes towards the bone lineage.
Highlights
In the area of regenerative medicine, there is a constant need for the development of novel biomaterials with adaptive properties which are able to efficiently support the repair or regeneration of a damaged tissue
We aim to promote one novel scaffold based on a natural compound of chitosan, improved with 3 wt.% graphene oxide (GO), for bone tissue engineering (BTE) approaches, considering its good biocompatibility, remarkable 3D characteristics, and ability to support stem cell differentiation processes towards the bone lineage
chitosan scaffold (CHT)/GO materials were evaluated for cytocompatibility against Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) during one week of in vitro culture in standard conditions
Summary
In the area of regenerative medicine, there is a constant need for the development of novel biomaterials with adaptive properties which are able to efficiently support the repair or regeneration of a damaged tissue. After implantation, these materials will be part of the local tissue repair process, together with the cells and the signaling molecules that mediate tissue self-renewal. Graphene and its derivatives are nanomaterials with proven pro-osteogenic effects [1,2,3]. Graphene (a monolayer of carbon), and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO), offer a set of outstanding physical-chemical properties, making them the optimal choice for BTE [4]
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