Abstract
The multifunctional photothermal therapy (PTT) platform with the ability to selectively kill bacteria over mammalian cells has received widespread attention recently. Herein, we prepared graphene oxide-amino(polyethyleneglycol) (GO-PEG-NH2) while using the hydrophobic interaction between heptadecyl end groups of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethyleneglycol)] (DSPE-PEG-NH2) and graphene oxide (GO). Based on GO-PEG-NH2, the versatile PTT system was constructed with simultaneous selective recognition, capturing, and photothermal killing of bacteria. When the cells undergo bacterial infection, owing to the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains and positively charged amino groups, GO-PEG-NH2 can specifically recognize and capture bacteria in the presence of cells. Meanwhile, the stable photothermal performance of GO-PEG-NH2 enables the captured bacteria to be efficiently photothermally ablated upon the irradiation of 808 nm laser. Besides, the GO-PEG-NH2 is highly stable in various biological media and it exhibits low cytotoxicity, suggesting that it holds great promise for biological applications. This work provides new insight into graphene-based materials as a PTT agent for the development of new therapeutic platforms.
Highlights
The appearance of antibiotic resistance to pathogen bacteria is one of the major challenges in the global health field [1]
RPMR-1640 was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China)
DSPE-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-NH2 can be tightly attached to graphene oxide (GO) through hydrophobic interactions
Summary
The appearance of antibiotic resistance to pathogen bacteria is one of the major challenges in the global health field [1]. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have attracted significant attention in recent years as photo–triggered antibacterial methods [2,3,4,5,6,7]. Unlike target-specific antibiotics, PTT and PDT are broad-spectrum pathogen killing methods that prevent the generation of specific resistant strains [8,9,10,11]. A great deal of pathogen killing systems has been explored, and multiantibiotic resistant bacteria can be killed by photo–triggered antibacterial methods [12,13,14,15]. The infection of mammalian hosts by pathogens often leads to the coexistence of both bacteria and cells. How to selectively kill bacteria in the presence of mammalian cells has become a research hotspot. Wang and co-workers have synthesized a water-soluble cationic poly(p-phenylene vinylene) derivative (PPV-1) containing
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