GRAMMATICAL METAPHOR REPRESENTATIONS AND TRANSGRAMMATICAL SEMANTIC DOMAINS IN THE SOCIAL CONTEXTS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING IN INDONESIA

Amrin Saragih

doi:10.30743/aicll.v1i1.47

Abstract

Grammatical metaphor refers to the coding of meaning or experience in the manner as if the meaning or experience were coded by another lexicogrammatical coding. Metaphorical representation implies that there are two manners of coding, namely the congruent or literal and incongruent or metaphorical coding. Transgrammatical semantic domains extends meaning by a range of grammatical units. Transgrammatical semantic coding implies that agnated meanings are realized by more than one semantic unit. Grammtical metaphor representation inherently contains transgrammatical coding. This paper addresses grammatical metaphor commonly used in texts of science, technology and academics, which are very difficult for Indonesian students to understand and translate into good bahasa Indonesia (BI). By applying knowledge or competence of gramatical metaphor and transgrammatical semantic domain Indonesian students are expected to effectively learn the meaning of English text of science, technology and academics and to translate the texts into good BI.

Highlights

Grammatical metaphor representation indicates as if a text were expressed in another grammatical coding
Transgrammatical semantic domain extends a meaning across different grammatical units (Halliday, 2014: 665-666)
All realizational variants of meaning are dispersed in the grammar, since they constitute different grammatical environments; but they are semantically agnated in that they all have the feature of ‘addition’. Another example is ‘medium-value probability modality’ is realized by (3a) modal verb will, (3b) modal adjunct probably, (3c) nominal group probability, (3d) epithet probable with it is...construction or (3e) grammatical metaphor of modality I think. (3a) She will visit her brother who lives in Kisaran (3b) Probably she visits her brother who lives in Kisaran. (3c) There is a probability she visists her brother who lives in Kisaran (3d) It is probable that she visits her brother who lives in Kisaran. (3e) I think she visist her brother who lives in Kisaran

Summary

Introduction

Grammatical metaphor representation indicates as if a text were expressed in another grammatical coding This is to say that an experience or meaning which is commonly coded in a normal or common wording is expressed in another mode of wording. This implies that grammatical metaphor involves two layers of coding, namely the congruent and incongruent or metaphorical one. In other words, agnated meanings are potentially coded by more than one grammatical aspect This implies that grammatical metaphor inherently involves transgrammatical semantic domain. This paper firstly addresses both grammatical metaphor representtation and transgrammatical semantic domains Both aspects of grammatical metaphor and transgrammatical semantic domian are applied to English language learning by which Indonesians learners can better understand the various kinds of texts. The paper proposes steps in teaching the grammatical metaphor by applying transgrammatical semantic domain

Literature Review

CLAUSE

Research Method

Findings

Discussion

Conclusion