Abstract
A theory is presented for solvent-programmed chromatography involving gradient-elution chromatography and combined elution using subsequent steps with different forms of the concentration-time function. The theory is based on two simple equations describing the relationship between the capacity ratio and the concentration of the more efficient eluting component in the binary mobile phase. The first equation is valid in adsorption and ion-exchange chromatography and the second applies to partition chromatography, including salting-out chromatography on ion-exchange columns. Equations for retention volume, retention ratio (separation factor), peak width and resolution are derived for all the elution techniques used in chromatography where one of the two basic equations can be applied.
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