Government Policy in the Field of Science: Legal and Financial Aspects

Abstract

The main regulatory legal acts regulating the management of science in Russia,the transition from predominantly short- and medium-term planning of scientific, technological and technical development to long-term planning are considered. Despite the developed regulation in this area, issues of control over the implementation of decisions made, distribution of responsibility for failure to achieve set goals, and assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of scientific employees have not received proper answers.A comparative study of the financial aspects of state policy in the scientific field was carried out (including the structure of internal costs for R&D, the main indicators of science financing). Trends have been identified in the reduction of both the volume of funding for fundamental research, both in relation to GDP and in absolute terms, taking into account inflation (in constant 2000 prices), and in the number of enterprises involved in the financing and conduct of research and development.It is concluded that the concentration of government efforts on supporting applied research is not effective enough. Given Russia's leading position in the world in terms of the volume of government funding for R&D carried out by the business sector, the latter's share in the total volume of financing of domestic R&D costs has not increased.Hypotheses are formulated about the reasons for the insufficient effectiveness of the state policy of financing science and recommendations for eliminating them