Abstract
The main objective is to identify hydraulic and hydrologic features of drainage basins of Ribeira dos Socorridos, and Ribeira do Vigário located in Madeira Island, (Câmara de Lobos).So, the research analyzed, theoretically, the sediment transport in the above-mentioned cases, and consequently, possible measures for torrential correction were studied. Thereby, hydrographic, geological, and hydrological features of this Archipelago were analyzed in the first phase. Thus, a geographic framing of drainage basins was made - using digital terrain models and deep characterization of the understudy drainage basins. In this regard, it was possible to obtain data regarding the geometric, relief, and drainage system components, using the Geographic Information Systems (GIS).In fact, the use of GIS makes it possible to characterize all descriptive indices/parameters of a hydrographic basin. These indices/parameters linked to the region's climate explain the need for human intervention to construct river hydraulic infrastructure and implement mitigation measures.Moreover, torrential correction techniques were presented to anticipate and mitigate this typology of events. Contextually, this study provides us several goals to consider in the future, including the most relevant actions and guidelines to enhance the characterization of drainage basins and clarify the characterization and accounting of sediment transport.
Highlights
Floods are one of the phenomena that become more and more frequent and destructive due to the disorderly growth of cities and the lack of adequate urban planning.[1]
It is clear that floods are the most common type of natural disaster in Europe, taking into account the international database on disasters, representing 43% of all disasters that occurred during the period between 1998 and 2002.2 Floods can be defined as extreme hydrological phenomena of variable frequency
An in-depth and precise study of the conditions that tend to lead to the aggravation of the aforementioned events in the case of floods is necessary - i.e., geomorphology, geology, hydrology, soil impermeability index, slope, drainage density, among others - and the implementation of mitigation measures for the impacts caused by this type of events.[5]
Summary
Floods are one of the phenomena that become more and more frequent and destructive due to the disorderly growth of cities and the lack of adequate urban planning.[1] it is clear that floods are the most common type of natural disaster in Europe, taking into account the international database on disasters, representing 43% of all disasters that occurred during the period between 1998 and 2002.2 Floods can be defined as extreme hydrological phenomena of variable frequency These events could be natural or human-induced, consisting of the overflow of a watercourse.[3, 4]. The hydrographic basin of a watercourse, relating to a given section, is defined as the area of that land that contributes with the water that precipitates there to feed the flow of that same watercourse in the section considered, whose flow converges to a single exit section.[10, 11,12]
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