Abstract
The nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat (NBS–LRR) gene family is the largest group of plant disease resistance (R) genes widespread in response to viruses, bacteria, and fungi usually involved in effector triggered immunity (ETI). Forty members of the Chinese cabbage CC type NBS–LRR family were investigated in this study. Gene and protein characteristics, such as distributed locations on chromosomes and gene structures, were explored through comprehensive analysis. CC–NBS–LRR proteins were classified according to their conserved domains, and the phylogenetic relationships of CC–NBS–LRR proteins in Brassica rapa, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Oryza sativa were compared. Moreover, the roles of BrCC–NBS–LRR genes involved in pathogenesis-related defense were studied and analyzed. First, the expression profiles of BrCC–NBS–LRR genes were detected by inoculating with downy mildew and black rot pathogens. Second, sensitive and resistant Chinese cabbage inbred lines were screened by downy mildew and black rot. Finally, the differential expression levels of BrCC–NBS–LRR genes were monitored at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h for short and 0, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days for long inoculation time. Our study provides information on BrCC–NBS–LRR genes for the investigation of the functions and mechanisms of CC-NBS-LRR genes in Chinese cabbage.
Highlights
Plants have developed specific mechanisms to protect themselves from abiotic or biotic stress [1,2]
Only three BrCC–nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat (NBS–LRR) genes showed prominently enhanced expression levels. These results showed that the BrCC–NBS–LRR expression levels in the four tissues varied, indicating that they play different roles in the development of Chinese cabbage
The expression of Bra030779 was down-regulated after 1 day of black rot (BR) inoculation. These results revealed that the CC–NBS–LRR gene family of Chinese cabbage may play different roles in response to a disease and the type of role depends on inoculation time and disease types
Summary
Plants have developed specific mechanisms to protect themselves from abiotic or biotic stress [1,2]. Plant disease resistance (R) genes are involved in defense against pathogens, are triggered by pathogen signaling, and can target specific pathogens [4]. The NBS domain belongs to the NB-ARC domain and contains three conserved motifs, namely, P-loop, kinase-2, which coordinates divalent metal ions, and kinase-3a-binding nucleotide, which is a critical region for nucleotide binding in ATP/GTPs and plays a role in defense signal transmission [5]. The domains are usually 23–25 residues long, and a specific VS part in a plant LRR domain is involved in plant pathogen immune reaction and protein-to-protein interactions [6]. The NBS–LRR gene family is the largest class of R genes, which play multiple roles in direct or indirect host–pathogen recognition and downstream signaling transduction [7,8]
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