Abstract
There is a demand for barley cultivars that are suitable for the malt industry as well as genotypes that are stable and better adapted for irrigation in the Cerrado. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters by assessing 69 barley genotypes from different countries, from 2012 to 2014, under irrigation in the Cerrado. Six agronomic characteristics were assessed: grain yield, plumpness kernel, thousand seeds weight, plant height, degree of plant lodging and days to heading. Analysis of variance, cluster test and phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations were performed. Significant effects were observed for genotypes, years and the G x E interaction. High values of broad-sense heritability (> 86%) were found for all the characteristics, which enabled direct selection. The Colombian accession MCU363PI402112 stood out for its agronomic characteristics. Genotype selection based on the phenotypic evaluations was possible due to their good experimental accuracy and precision. Precocious genotypes with high grain yields and homogeneous grain sizes were selected. Due to the environmental influence on the grain yield, additional studies concerning the components of yield in this environment are necessary to facilitate the selection of more productive genotypes.
Highlights
The search for a germplasm that can be introduced into plant breeding programs is indispensable for developing new cultivars that meet the demands of the productive sector in terms of the agronomic traits of interest
To aid the barley breeding program based on the selection of superior genotypes that are more adapted to the Cerrado irrigated conditions, the agronomic characterization of accessions from the germplasm bank is of fundamental importance, providing knowledge about the full productive potential and agronomic traits of commercial interest (Amabile, Faleiro, Capettini, & Sayd, 2017)
The study evaluated 69 accessions of elite barley, two-row and six-row, which were previously selected for their high yields from hundreds of accessions available at the Germplasm Bank of the Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, and BRS 180 served as a control
Summary
The search for a germplasm that can be introduced into plant breeding programs is indispensable for developing new cultivars that meet the demands of the productive sector in terms of the agronomic traits of interest. To aid the barley breeding program based on the selection of superior genotypes that are more adapted to the Cerrado irrigated conditions, the agronomic characterization of accessions from the germplasm bank is of fundamental importance, providing knowledge about the full productive potential and agronomic traits of commercial interest (Amabile, Faleiro, Capettini, & Sayd, 2017). The different responses of the genotypes according to changes in environmental conditions represent a problem to producers and a great challenge to breeders. It is in the interest of both that plants present stability in both quality and yield both in different locations and over years, in addition to high yields. An alteration of the relative performance of genotypes due to different environments is called the genotype by environment interaction (G x E) (Borém & Miranda, 2005)
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