GENETIC DIVERSITY OF LEPTIN GENE INTRON 2 IN WILD AND NATIVE AND EXOTIC GOAT BREEDS IN IRAN

Narges Esmaeili Aliabad Vazir

doi:10.15414/jmbfs.2020.9.6.1110-1113

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the intron 2 of leptin gene polymorphism in wild, native and exotic goat breeds in Iran using PCR-RFLP. Blood samples were collected from 14 wild and domestic goat breeds including (Cashmere Abadeh, Torki-Ghashghaei, Naeini, Robati, Nadoushani, Adani, Shahrbabaki, Birjandi, China goat, Sannen, Pakistani, Raeini cashmere, Najdi and Wild goat) and then the genomic DNA was extracted. A 422bp fragment from intron 2 of the leptin gene was amplified. PCR products were digested by Sau3AI restriction enzyme and were separated and visualized on the agarose gel. Three genotypes including MM, Mm and mm with genotype frequency of 94%, 1% and 5%, respectively, were observed in the studied populations. The number of observed alleles, number of the effective alleles, Nei’s Index and Shanon’s Index were 2, 1.10, 0.09 and 0.19, respectively. The studied populations were not found to be in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Our investigation demonstrated that MM genotype and M allele had a very high frequency (0.94 and 0.95, respectively) in Iranian goats. Hence, it can be concluded that this finding can provide basis for selection when considering evolution and differentiation among breeds, however further studies should be carried out on a larger population of different domestic and wild breeds to verify the final conclusions.

Highlights

Goat breeding is a growing industry in the world and its products have a desirable landscape (Moghadaszadeh et al, 2015)
Despite significant achievements related to the agricultural technology and knowledge of developed countries, but the number of goats has increased in these countries as well (Shamsalddini et al, 2016)
516 blood samples were collected from fourteen different goat breeds (Figure 1) in Iran (Cashmere Abadeh (CAB), n=40; Torki-Ghahghaei (TOG), n=34; Naeini (NAE), n=30; Robati (ROB), n=28; Nadoushani (NAD), n=38; Adani (ADA), n=14; Shahrbabaki (SHB), n=28; Birjandi (BIR), n=34; China goat (CHI), n=34; Sannen (SAN), n=60; Pakistani (PAK), n=60; Raeini cashmere (RAC), n=60; Najdi (NAJ), n=28; and Wild goat (WIL), n=28)

Summary

Introduction

Goat breeding is a growing industry in the world and its products have a desirable landscape (Moghadaszadeh et al, 2015). The most important role of the leptin is to regulate feed intake, energy balance, fertility, and immune functions (Javanmard et al, 2008) This gene has 3 exons and 2 introns, only 2 exons are translated to protein (Shojaei et al, 2010). It is demonstrated that leptin is expressed in adipocytes (Chilliard et al, 2001), fetus (Yuen et al., 2002), breast (Bartha et al, 2005), rumen (Yonekura et al, 2002), small intestine (Yonekura et al, 2002) and hypophysis (Yonekura et al, 2003) of the ruminants Some effects of this gene are feed intake reduction, body weight loose, lower fat deposits and energy metabolism elevation (Javanmard et al, 2008). Therfore, the aim of this study was to study the intron 2 of leptin gene in some Iranian native goat breeds, Iranian imported goat breeds and wild goats

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Conclusion