Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an essential diet for almost 50% of the global population. Rice harvests are vulnerable to a variety of living and non-living stresses. Pest insects, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and herbicide toxicity are a few examples of biotic stressors. Drought, cold, and salinity are three abiotic conditions that rice has also been extensively affected. Several genes have been discovered, cloned, and described to counteract these challenges and safeguard rice crops. Transgenic plants are created by successfully introducing the identified genes into rice plants. Rice crop improvement is significantly impacted by genetic engineering. This review article discusses the increased rice quality features tolerating living and non-living stress. This review's goal is to give readers a summary of recent advancements in rice biotechnology research and development.
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