Abstract
To study the gender differences in plasma glucose and uric acid levels caused by varying doses of alcohol. 64 (36 male and 28 female) healthy, light drinkers (< 20 g ethanol/day) between the ages of twenty-five and thirty-six years were selected as volunteers. The administration of 0.325, 0.650 and 1,300 g ethanol/kg body weight, reduced plasma glucose by 2, 11 and 16% respectively, in males and by 1, 4 and 7% in female subjects, respectively. These doses respectively increased plasma uric acid by 6, 20 and 32% in males and by 14, 40 and 56% in females (p > 0.05: except for the 56% difference). Although, these changes were not demonstrated to be statistically significant, sex is implicated to influence the manner alcohol affects the metabolism of glucose and uric acid. Recently, hypoglycaemia and hyperuricaemia have been observed to be risk factors of brain damage and cardiovascular disorders, respectively. The involvement of chronic and excessive consumption of ethanol in brain damage and cardiovascular dysfunction via disturbances in plasma glucose and uric acid levels, respectively, deserve further investigations. Analizar las diferencias entre sexos en los niveles en plasma de glucosa y ácido úrico producidos por diversas dosis de alcohol. Sesenta y cuatro personas (36 hombres y 28 mujeres) sanas, consumidoras «ligeras» de alcohol (< 20 g alcohol/día), de edades comprendidas entre los 25 y 36 años de edad fueron incluidas en el estudio, siendo su participación voluntaria. La administración de 0,325, 0,650 y 1.300 g etanol/kg de peso redujo la concentración de glucosa plasmática en varones un 2, 11 y 16%, respectivamente, y en mujeres en un 1, 4 y 7%, respectivamente. En estas dosis, se elevaron los nivelesde ácido úrico en plasma en varones en un 6, 20 y 32%, y en las mujeres un 14, 40 y 56% (p > 0,05,excepto en la dosis más alta de alcohol). Aunque los cambios observados no son estadísticamente significativos, el género pudiera estar implicado en los efectos del alcohol sobre el metabolismo de la glucosa y ácido úrico. Recientemente se ha observado que la hipoglucemia e hipercalcemia son factores de riesgo del daño cerebral y de los trastornos cardiovasculares, respectivamente. La implicación del consumo crónico y excesivo del alcohol en el daño cerebral y la disfunción cardiovascular, a través de alteraciones en los niveles plasmáticos de glucosa y ácido úrico, respectivamente, requieren posteriores investigaciones.
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