Abstract
<p><strong>Background: </strong><em>Aspergillus parasiticus</em> is a mold to produce aflatoxins, and growth in maize; the used<strong> </strong>synthetic fungicides for their inhibition are risk to health and the environment. However, garlic essential oil to have antifungal activity and can be alternative for control <em>A. parasiticus</em>. <strong>Objective/hypothesis:</strong> Essential garlic oil can inhibit the <em>in vitro</em> growth of <em>A. parasiticus</em> and its aflatoxins. <strong>Methodology:</strong> The <em>in vitro</em> antifungal activity of garlic (<em>Allium sativum</em> L.) essential oil was evaluated against <em>A. parasiticus </em>(radial growth and spore germination). In addition, the mean inhibitory concentrations (IC<sub>50</sub>) and minimum inhibitory (MIC) were calculated. Aflatoxins were tested on maize with High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). <strong>Results:</strong> The mean inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) and minimum inhibitory (MIC) obtained by Probit analyses with radial growth were 971 and 2875 ppm of garlic essential oil, respectively, in <em>A. parasiticus</em>. These concentrations inhibited spore germination until 24 h. Starting from 100 ppm of garlic essential oil, mycelial inhibition was shown. Evidence of inhibition of aflatoxin production by <em>A. parasiticus</em> in maize was not possible at concentrations of 971 and 2875 ppm garlic essential oil. <strong>Implications:</strong> The concentrations 971 and 2875 ppm of garlic essential oil inhibited the growth <em>in vitro</em> of <em>A. parasiticus</em>. However, they did not inhibit aflatoxin production by <em>A. parasiticus</em> into maize. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Garlic essential oil inhibit the <em>in vitro</em> growth of <em>A. parasiticus</em> on growth radial and germination spores; but not inhibit aflatoxins production on maize to concentrations 971 and 2875 ppm of garlic essential oil.</p>
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