Abstract
Solid bases are valuable catalysts for industrial syntheses. However, controlling the basicity of these catalysts remains a challenge. Ga4B2O9, due to μ3-O within its structure, could behave as a special solid base catalyst exhibiting intrinsic Lewis basicity. In this work, a sol-gel method was proposed to obtain continuously adjustable acidity and basicity of the metal borate catalyst (AlxGa1-x)4B2O9. According to the results of NH3-TPD, CO2-TPD, and the systematic experimental design, Lewis basic sites originating from GaO5 groups in (AlxGa1-x)4B2O9 boost the Strecker reaction rather than the Lewis acid sites related to unsaturated Al. This work illustrates the possible application of bulk-type solid solutions with simultaneous Lewis acid and base sites for the first time. A reaction mechanism has also been proposed based on the catalytic reaction results.
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