FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERROGATIVE DISCURSIVE UTTERANCES

Abstract

The article analyzes the characteristics of discursive utterances with an activated prepositional interrogative component and relates them to grammatical formal elementary (simple) sentences. The findings justify their status as units of text, in which communicative realization of grammatical sentences takes place. Next, the research identifies semantic and syntactic varieties of interrogative discursive utterances, as well as their communicative pragmatic features. Coreference (communicative functional equivalence) with the grammatical sentence is considered to make the basis for identifying discursive utterances as a separate communicative unit. It is argued that in discursive utterances, the following means are used to activate the interrogative component: interrogative intonation, manifested in a rising tone on the word related to the question; word order, mostly involving the movement of the word related to the question to the beginning of the utterance; interrogative particles such as UA невже (EN is it? / isn’t it? / did they? / didn’t they? and the like), UA хіба (EN Are you? / Is it? / Do they? / Will he? etc.), UA чи (EN Are you? / Is it? / Do they? / Will he? etc.), without limitation; interrogative pronominal words such as UA хто who’, UA що what’, UA який what kind of […]’, UA чий whose’, UA котрий which’, UA скільки how many’ / how much’, UA де where’, UA куди where [to]’, UA звідки where [from]’, UA як how’, UA коли when’, UA доки until’, UA чому why’, UA навіщо what … for’, and so forth. It is demonstrated that interrogative intention represents linguistic personality in discursive utterance, meets the speaker's need, and reflects their aspirations, need in discovery, and creativity.