Abstract
Aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) have been widely used in many industrial fields thanks to their good plasticity, high thermal conductivity and excellent electrical conductivity. An effective joining of dissimilar Al and Cu materials can make full use of the special characteristics of these two metals. Friction stir spot welding (FSSW), as an efficient solid-state welding method suitable for joining of dissimilar metal materials, has great prospects in future industrial applications. In this paper, the FSSW studies on Al-Cu dissimilar materials are reviewed. The research progress and current status of Al-Cu FSSW are reviewed with respect to tool features, macroscopic characteristics of welded joints, microstructures, defects in welds and mechanical properties of joints. In addition, some suggestions on further study are put forward in order to promote the development and progress of Al-Cu FSSW studies in several respects: material flow, thermal history, addition of intermediate layer, auxiliary methods and functionalization of Al-Cu FSSW joint.
Highlights
At present, some structures need to have a variety of characteristics, and good and stable features to adapt to different service requirements
The material flow in Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) joints has been revealed in several studies through the material tracing method [64,65]
1.8 μm was obtained at high rotational speed of 3000 rpm, while a discontinuous Al2 Cu layer with a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed at the low rotational speed of 1500 rpm. They proposed a prediction model (Figure 7) for the formation sequence of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) based on the thermodynamic principle, which was verified by the TEM analysis results of IMC layer samples
Summary
Mingshen Li 1,2,† , Chaoqun Zhang 1, *,† , Dayong Wang 3,4 , Li Zhou 5,6 , Daniel Wellmann 1,7 and Yingtao Tian 7. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-Walled Structures, School of Mechanical. State Key Laboratory of Long-Life High Temperature Materials, Dong Fang Turbine Co., Ltd. Deyang. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Welding Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China. M.L. and C.Z. contribute to this paper. Received: 16 November 2019; Accepted: 26 December 2019; Published: 31 December 2019
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