Abstract
Interfacial toughening in composite materials is reasonably well understood for static loading, but little is known for cyclic loading. Here, we demonstrate that introducing an interfacial molecular nanolayer at the metal-ceramic interface of a layered polymer-metal-ceramic stack triples the fracture energy for ~75–300 Hz loading, yielding 40% higher values than the static-loading fracture energy. We show that this unexpected frequency-dependent toughening is underpinned by nanolayer-induced interface strengthening, which facilitates load transfer to, and plasticity in, the polymer layer. Above a threshold interfacial bond strength, the toughening magnitude and frequency range are primarily controlled by the frequency- and temperature-dependent rheological properties of the polymer. These results indicate the tunability of the toughening behavior through suitable choice of interfacial molecular layers and polymers. Our findings open up possibilities for realizing novel composites with inorganic-organic interfaces, e.g., arresting crack growth or stimulating controlled fracture triggered by loads with specific frequency characteristics.
Highlights
Interfacial toughening in composite materials is reasonably well understood for static loading, but little is known for cyclic loading
Tailoring the chemistry of heterointerfaces is crucial to controlling the fracture toughness of a variety of composite materials, such as, those used in load-bearing structures[1], nanoelectronics devices[2], energy systems[3], and biomedicine[4]
The interfacial molecular nanolayer (MNL) results in up to threefold higher fracture energy in the ~75–300 Hz range than the invariant value at other frequencies. We demonstrate that this remarkable behavior is underpinned by MNL-induced interface strengthening that enables load transfer to, and plasticity in, the distal polymer layer
Summary
Interfacial toughening in composite materials is reasonably well understood for static loading, but little is known for cyclic loading. In order to understand the MPTMS-induced fatigue toughening, we measured the fracture energy as a function of the watersensitive siloxane bond strength[36] at the Cu-MPTMS-SiO2 interface by adjusting the water partial pressure sptHr2uOct
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