Abstract
Nonlinear evolution of both the ultrashort focused electromagnetic wave pulse and the breakdown plasma produced by the pulse itself due to tunnel gas ionization is investigated by computer simulation on the basis of the 2-D wave equation. High self-blueshifting effect of the pulse spectrum ( Δω gw >40% ) and formation of short leading peaks of the field (half-wave ionizing “leaders”) with resulting increase in plasma density much over the known refraction limit are found.
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