Abstract
Bruchus pisorum is an insect pest causing major damage to pea seeds worldwide. Control is difficult and limited resistance is available. In this work we studied the effects of pollen and pod source on insect fecundity and oviposition by comparing resistant and susceptible Pisum spp. accessions and non-host (Lathyrus sativus and Vicia faba) species. A first no-choice assay revealed that the source of flower offered to adults for feeding might retard oviposition (the case of V. faba), reduce fertility (Pisum sativum ssp. syriacum, P. fulvum, and V. faba) or increase adult mortality (V. faba and P. sativum ssp. syriacum). A second no-choice assay with all adults fed with pollen of the same pea cultivar showed significant effect of the source of pods offered. Oviposition was reduced on pods of some resistant Pisum accessions, but particularly low on pods of the non-hosts, being retarded if ever happening and coupled with high mortality of adults. This was confirmed in a third experiment consisting on dual-choice assays showing reduced egg laying in V. faba, L. sativus, P. fulvum, and P. sativum ssp. syriacum compared to the commercial variety pea used as a control (Messire).
Highlights
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the first temperate grain legume produced in Europe and the second in the world (FAOSTAT, 2016)
Field screenings corroborated the environmental effect on seed infestation and highlighted the higher resistance of P656, P665, P669 accessions in both environments evaluated in agreement with Aznar-Fernández et al (2017)
V. faba caused a high Bp mortality and retarded oviposition, thereby suggesting that pollen and nectar probably affect the sexual maturity of Bp females (Pesho and Van Hounten, 1982)
Summary
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the first temperate grain legume produced in Europe and the second in the world (FAOSTAT, 2016). Their use extends to dry peas for animal fodder and green peas for human consumption. Once the egg has hatched, the emerging larvae penetrate through the pods into the seeds, where they feed on the endosperm (Teshome et al, 2015). This reduces seed yield and devaluates seed quality and marketability (Brindley and Hinman, 1937; Nikolova and Georgieva, 2015). Availability of unattractive or Influence of Pod and Flower on Bp repellent genotypes for oviposition would help in designing crop mixtures to manage the pest (Shelton and Badenes-Perez, 2006; Ratnadass et al, 2012) and in breeding resistant cultivars
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