Abstract
The redox flow battery (RFB) is a promising technology for large-scale electrochemical energy storage, but research progress has been hampered by conflicting reports of electron-transfer rates even for well-established battery chemistries. To address this challenge, we are working to deploy established electroanalytical techniques for precise characterization of RFB reaction kinetics. We studied Fe3+/2+ redox chemistry using rotating-disk electrode voltammetry with polycrystalline Pt and Au working electrodes as a model of an Fe/Cr RFB positive electrolyte. Our measurements yielded exchange current densities of 3.7 ± 0.5 and 1.3 ± 0.2 mA cm–2 for Pt and Au, respectively, in electrolytes containing 5 mM each of Fe3+ and Fe2+. Both the variability and relative sluggishness of these rates are clear evidence that inner-sphere (catalytic) processes are important even in the 1-electron redox chemistry of Fe aquo complexes. Increasing the Fe concentration by 100-fold gave exchange current densities at Pt that we...
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