FLORES: VERDADEIRO RESERVATÓRIO DE ANTIBIÓTICOS E RESINAS ANTIMICROBIANAS

Abstract

Microbial resistance is the versatility of microorganisms not to succumb to the harsh environment and to maintain themselves in all environmental compartments, organisms and living cells. This phenomenon is a mechanism of acquired adaptation that directly impacts humans and animals, as these organisms have disharmonious relationships with them, causing several practically intractable pathologies, leading to the death of the host. The World Health Organization points out, every year, the increase of microorganisms resistant to drugs, both for domestic and hospital use, publishing in its reports, the frightening reality of organisms resistant to all commercialized drugs, being called Pan-resistant. Therefore, the objective of the study is to investigate in fresh, freshly picked flowers, a new substance with antimicrobial and/or bactericidal power against Enterobacteria. Of the 66 flowers studied, 29 showed some promising antibiotic/bactericidal effect, with passion fruit and mallow being the ones that stood out the most, followed by dahlia and munguba. The hexane extract of the passion fruit flower showed a halo of formation greater than Gentamicin and Amikacin, of 22 mm with only 0.5 g of the flower. Several studies describe the complexity of substances found in passion fruit flower, making it difficult to indicate a possible organic group or the combination of mixed organic compounds with synergistic effects. The mallow flower, which has the coumarin malvina and the terpenoid malvona exclusively, presented an inhibition halo comparable to antibiotic discs already used in drug therapies, with an effect on all three Enterobacteriaceae studied, Salmonella serotype thyphimurium NCTC® 12023, multiresistant Escherichia coli, and the pan-resistant bacterium kpcKlebsiella planticola2019, being a great antimicrobial potential. For a similar bacteriostatic effect of propolis, 22 flowers expressed a glutinous, expansive and resinous effect, in order to immobilize and prevent an aggressive and pathogenic agent from expressing its metabolism or life cycle, with the highlight being azalea, presenting the largest halo.Thus, it is possible to infer that the production of propolis by bees is the sum of the harvesting of resins from several species of flowers, both exotic and native, in the manufacture of the best resin to protect their hives. Finally, the trend of phytotherapy combined with modern biotechnological science may be the key to success against highly specialized parasites. This study falls under SDG 13 (quality health) and SDG 15 (life on land) of the development goals.