Abstract
A new static floor field method for simulations of evacuation processes based on cellular automaton was presented in this paper. This model applies an inertia static floor field approach to describe the interaction between the pedestrians and the cell. Here we study a rather simple situation and a complex scenario. We simulate and reproduce Seyfried’s field experiments at the Research Centre Jülich and use its empirical data to validate our model. The concept of scenario-familiarity of the crowd has been proposed to explain the model. It is shown that the variation of the model parameters deeply impacts the evacuation efficiency. The relation between minimal evacuation times and the knowledge of the exit that the pedestrian acknowledges is discussed.
Highlights
With the development of economy and the speeding up of urbanization, the number of urban population has increased dramatically in all countries
The static floor field is defined as the distance from the cell to the exit (Formula (1)), it is constant after the initialization, and the static floor field value of the cell is in inverse proportion to the distance to the exit; the dynamic floor field is changing as the evacuation goes; the movement information of the pedestrian will be recorded, along with the diffusion and decay
We mainly discussed the effect of the inertia static floor field and the value of G on the evacuation time shown in Table 2; after 2000 steps, the evacuation result is shown in Figure 12; we can see the inertia static floor field is superior to the standard model
Summary
With the development of economy and the speeding up of urbanization, the number of urban population has increased dramatically in all countries. The possibility of congestion occurring gradually increased; in the face of such a large stream of people, some public facilities produce all kinds of evacuation problems, and reasonable evacuation of pedestrian flow will play a positive role for the construction of wisdom city. How to better handle the evacuation problem becomes a hotspot in the research field, it brings the difficulties. This is especially true in developing countries; the big events in these countries tend to have more people. More and more scholars begin to pay close attention to public safety and the research of pedestrian evacuation; the results will be widely used in the emergency evacuation simulation, the safe evacuation design, potential risk prediction, and so on
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