Simulation of pedestrians’ evacuation dynamics with underground flood spreading based on cellular automaton

Abstract

This paper proposes a modified Floor-Field model combined with flood spreading process to study the pedestrian evacuation dynamics with underground flood. The flood water depth rises gradually, and the pedestrian's moving behavior in such situation can be described by the following four stages, i.e., walk normally, walk slowly, move to shelters, and stay for rescue. During the evacuation, the pedestrian tends to move to the exits and higher place, hold the support objects, keep out of danger, and move along with the flow, which is modeled by the static floor field, height floor field, support floor field, danger floor field, and water flow floor field, respectively. We set up the scenario that pedestrians evacuate from the subway platform with flood for numerical simulation. The evacuation dynamics influenced by personnel density, water depth rising rate, the pedestrians’ exit choosing behavior, the support floor field, and the setting of shelters, are analyzed in detail. Those results can bring some guidance to make the evacuation strategy in flood situation.