Abstract
Soft wearable electronics are being applied as state-of-the-art self-powered devices based on piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), which provide flexible energy harvesters and sustainable energy generators. We introduce a composite of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and Fe2O3 nanocube fillers coated via supersonic cold spraying to obtain substrate-free and flexible films for PENGs. The hydrothermally synthesized Fe2O3 nanocubes induce shear stress between Fe2O3 and PVDF during supersonic spraying. An optimized sample having 0.77 g Fe2O3 in 1 g PVDF produces a piezopotential of 25.6 V and a short-circuit current of 70 μA. In addition, a maximum power density of 44.4 μW·cm−2 is achieved at a load resistance of 1 MΩ. Tapping and bending tests for 1800 s confirm the consistent generation of piezopotentials of 25.6 V and 1.5 V, respectively. The developed Fe2O3/PVDF PENG can power several light-emitting diodes, thus showing promise as a device for sustainable power supply.
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