First–Order Transfer Sections with Reconnection–Less Electronically Reconfigurable High–Pass, All–Pass and Direct Transfer Character

Abstract

Abstract Presented research introduces active filtering circuits which allow change of the transfer type without necessity of reconnection of the input or output terminal that can be very useful for on-chip applications. Our attention is focused on simple first-order filters that allow high-pass response (HP), all-pass response (AP) and also direct transfer (DT) with constant magnitude and phase characteristics between two terminals (input and output) by adjusting of one controllable parameter (current gain B in our case). Useful modification of the well-known current follower transconductance amplifier (CFTA), the so-called Z-copy current-controlled current follower differential input transconductance amplifier (ZC-CCCFDITA) and adjustable current amplifier were utilized in these circuits. Interesting possibilities (crossing between several transfer functions) of presented circuits require different values of B to obtain desired transfer function that is very important for practice and selection of specific way of control. Requirements on value of this continuously controllable gain B differ among presented structures. Theory is supported by simulation and measurement results with behavioral models utilizing commercially available active elements and simulation results with active elements based on CMOS models.