Abstract
The paper compares the systems of financing political parties in France, Germany and the UK. The analysis concentrates on effectiveness of collecting contributions, dependency on large donors for providing funds for financing election campaigns and daily operation of political parties, and the level of transparency of finances of political parties. The final conclusion is that only introducing limits on expenditures on election campaigns allows to keep the costs of election campaigns and political parties at a low level, while mandatory common accounting standards and public access to financial information is necessary to preserve transparency of finances of political parties.
Highlights
I have decided to compare systems of nancing of political parties and election campaigns in three states that – substantially di erent when it comes to political systems – have much in common, as they are highly economically developed democratic countries. e fact that they are all democratic states and have a similar level of economic development means that there are not many di erences between election campaigns, that population standards of living are similar, and that technology plays similar role both in the life of societies and in election campaigns
Contributions larger than £1,500 to a constituency party or larger than £7,500 to a central party must be reported to the Electoral Commission, which is allowed to con scate a contribution, if it nds it was made against the law
A party with at least two sitting Members of the House of Commons is eligible for a Policy Development Grant (PDG). e total amount allocated for PDGs is £2 million annually, and the money is to be used by the political parties for preparation of policies that will be included in election manifestos4
Summary
I have decided to compare systems of nancing of political parties and election campaigns in three states that – substantially di erent when it comes to political systems – have much in common, as they are highly economically developed democratic countries. e fact that they are all democratic states and have a similar level of economic development means that there are not many di erences between election campaigns, that population standards of living are similar, and that technology plays similar role both in the life of societies and in election campaigns. I have decided to compare systems of nancing of political parties and election campaigns in three states that – substantially di erent when it comes to political systems – have much in common, as they are highly economically developed democratic countries. E fact that they are all democratic states and have a similar level of economic development means that there are not many di erences between election campaigns, that population standards of living are similar, and that technology plays similar role both in the life of societies and in election campaigns. Erefore, one can assume that factors other than regulation and political culture. Can be more or less ignored when comparing the e ectiveness of French, German and British political parties in collecting donations
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