Features of territorial organization of population resettlement of the coastal strip of the Ukrainian Black Sea Region

Abstract

This article deals with the features of population settlement within the Ukrainian Black Sea region and its coastal zone. It is emphasized that the problems of coastal resettlement, the factors that determine it, are highlighted in the works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists. The purpose of the work is to find out the features of the population settlement in the region of the Ukrainian Black Sea region. In the studied region, due to the territorial differentiation of economic activity, change in the intensity of economic use of the territory and the population density can be distinguished by the coastal, middle and peripheral economic zones. It was established that the supporting framework of urban settlement in the Ukrainian Black Sea region is characterized by a fairly sparse network, and the settlement process itself is in many respects still in the stage of formation, incompleteness. Unlike the whole region, for the coastal zone, the more prevalent network of urban settlements, which are represented within the coastal zone not only by small and medium, but also large cities (Odesa, Mykolaiv, Kherson), has contributed to the formation of urban agglomerations with wide distribution functions. In the zones of attraction of large cities, a new type of settlement was formed - in fact, suburban. In the Odesa metropolitan area, there are two powerful, fast-developing planning axes - Odesa- Chornomorsk and Odessa-Yuzhne. Seaside-facade linear planning organization agglomeration repeats the restructuring of the territorial structure of Odesa itself, which in the second half of the twentieth century turned from a city with a compact building pattern into a linear city, stretching along the sea bay. In the coastal zone of the Ukrainian Black Sea region, which occupies one third of the region’s area, live 65.0% of the total number of inhabitants of the region. The density of urban settlement network here is 1.5-2.0 times higher than the average indicators of the region, urban processes in the coastal zone are characterized by greater intensity. Small cities of the coastal zone in genetic typing are mainly seaport cities, urban-type settlements, and resort and recreation in character. More than 40% of the rural population is concentrated in the coastal regions and tends to agglomeration, which, in its turn, causes a steady flow of the settlement network from areas remote from the centers of economic activity. In the last 5 years, the demographic situation, both in the region as a whole and in the coastal zone, has deteriorated significantly, and here, as in other districts, depopulation is evident. The prospects for the development of the coastal resettlement system are directly related to the further intensification of maritime and recreational activities, and, first of all, with the development of recreational, tourist and port infrastructure.