FEATURES OF FORMATION, ACCOUNTING AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS AT DOMESTIC AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article defines and summarizes the modern interpretation of the essence of financial results in regulatory and legal acts and scientific publications. The peculiarities of agricultural production, which affect the accounting process of financial results, have been studied. The theoretical foundations of the essence, formation and use of the company’s profit were considered and studied. In order to have a deeper and correct understanding of the profit, it was classified according to the main classification features. Profit functions are analyzed and distinguished: valuation function, distribution function and incentive function. The methodological and organizational principles of accounting for the formation and distribution of financial results of agricultural enterprises have been studied. The principles of accounting were studied according to national standards, applying the standards of P(S)BO 15 “Income” and P(S)BO 16 “Expenses” and according to international standards – standards of IAS18 “Income”. The procedure for forming the financial result of the enterprise is given. Management of profitability (break-even) of activities is the primary task of the enterprise, therefore the article pays great attention to the analysis of financial results and factors of their formation. Taking into account the fact that the activity of a business entity can be not only profitable, but also unprofitable, and is formed under the influence of internal and external environmental factors, the accounting and analysis provides a general assessment of financial results, which are characterized by a system of absolute and relative indicators. In the course of the study, the system of evaluation indicators, their meaning, tasks and sources of information for the analysis of financial results of agricultural enterprises were investigated. It has been found that the financial results of enterprises have a multifaceted nature and are a synthesized reflection of the interrelationships and interdependence of all components of activity. It was determined that the analysis of financial results should be carried out within the framework of a systematic approach, which involves the study of a complex of absolute and relative indicators and factors of financial results at all stages of their substantiation, formation and receipt, distribution and use.