Abstract
Given a persistent global trend towards an increase in the number of patients with bronchial asthma (BA) over the past decades, researchers are facing challenges related to a comprehensive study of the pathogenesis of BA. Numerous studies have shown that BA is associated with long-term persistence of leukocytes (lymphocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils) in the bronchial tissues. However, the causes of this phenomenon remain understudied. The article provides an overview of modern research on the mechanisms of disorders of lymphocyte apoptosis in patients with BA. Our study considers the main mechanisms of molecular regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis, including transcription factors, the Fas/FasL system, and bcl-2/bcl-XL factors. We present the data on the role of reduced lymphocyte apoptosis in the formation of a severe BA phenotype. Taking into account high prevalence of obesity among patients with BA, we analyzed a few existing articles on the apoptosis of immunocompetent cells in obesity. In addition, the article highlights the key mechanisms of development of lymphocyte plasma membrane blebbing (PMB) with formation of microvesicles, as well as their influence on the course of pathological processes in BA. The authors believe that further in-depth study of apoptosis, lymphocyte necrosis, and plasma membrane blebbing can help improve the principles of diagnosis and treatment of BA.
Highlights
Given a persistent global trend towards an increase in the number of patients with bronchial asthma (BA) over the past decades, researchers are facing challenges related to a comprehensive study of the pathogenesis of BA
Numerous studies have shown that BA is associated with long-term persistence of leukocytes in the bronchial tissues
Our study considers the main mechanisms of molecular regulation of lymphocyte apoptosis, including transcription factors, the Fas/FasL system, and bcl-2/bcl-XL factors
Summary
Соловьева И.А.1, 2, Демко И.В.1, 2, Собко Е.А.1, 2, Крапошина А.Ю.1, 2, Гордеева Н.В.1, 2, Аникин Д.А.1, Аникина Д.А.1. В данной статье представлен обзор современных научных исследований, посвященных изучению механизмов нарушения апоптоза лимфоцитов у больных бронхиальной астмой. Учитывая высокую распространенность ожирения среди больных бронхиальной астмой, проанализированы немногочисленные статьи, касающиеся апоптоза иммунокомпетентных клеток при ожирении. В статье освещаются ключевые механизмы развития блеббинга цитоплазматической мембраны (ЦПМ) с формированием лимфоцитарных микровезикул, а также их влияние на течение патологических процессов при астме. Что дальнейшее углубленное изучение процессов апоптоза и некроза лимфоцитов, а также блеббинага ЦПМ сможет помочь в улучшении принципов диагностики и лечения бронхиальной астмы. Для цитирования: Соловьева И.А., Демко И.В., Собко Е.А., Крапошина А.Ю., Гордеева Н.В., Аникин Д.А., Аникина Д.А. Особенности апоптоза и блеббинга цитоплазматической мембраны лимфоцитов при бронхиальной астме.
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