Feasibility study of the expediency of sorting waste grain and oilseeds

Abstract

The problem of using wheat and sunflower grain processing wastes is shown, the prospect of growth in the generation of these types of wastes, as well as technical and environmental problems of their use are analyzed. The expediency of improving the technology of cleaning grain waste from oil impurities in the process of manufacturing pellets is given. It is shown that the main problem of using seed waste is the lack of technological equipment for extracting oil and grain impurities from it. Also substantiated is the outdated arbitration method of manual disassembly of a sample of grain crops to determine the indicators of weediness in the laboratory. The work of equipment of different ways of interaction with the grain mass has been studied and an aerodynamic method of garbage sorting has been proposed. The main disadvantages of the selected sorting method and the possibility of possible improvement and modernization of equipment are indicated. Based on the data obtained on the content of oil / grain impurities, the calculation of lost profits was made and the economic feasibility of processing grain waste was shown. Based on the results of comparative sorting, it was concluded that it is expedient to create new equipment for fine sorting, taking into account the following requirements: modernization of sorters using separation in a horizontal air flow; use of separation in the ascending air stream; creation of a unit that uses a combination of these separation methods with others. The data obtained as a result of research, as well as the predicted indicators of the technical level of the machine, allow us to assess the possible economic effect from its use.