Faults Indicators Applying for Smart Monitoring System for Improving Reliability Electric Power Distribution

Abstract

The development of the digital technology industry, the growing dependence of industry and household consumers on electricity, and the world’s entry into the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) are factors in the growing need for smart, efficient and reliable next-generation energy systems. Building a new generation of smart grids (“Smart grid”) involves the use of advanced information, communication and computing technologies to ensure the flexibility and efficiency of the grid at all stages of electricity from its production to consumption. It should also be borne in mind that the main purpose of electrical systems in general and electrical networks in particular is to meet the needs of consumers to ensure a sufficiently stable and reliable supply of electricity. Stable and reliable supply of electricity caused by power outages is generally undesirable, and in some cases can lead to very unpleasant consequences—disruption of communication systems, shutdown of technological processes of industrial enterprises, the impossibility of normal living conditions and activities of the population. To prevent this, special measures using for during the design and operation of electrical networks and systems to improve the operation of all their elements and increase the reliability of electricity supply to consumers. One of the key measures is the construction of backup systems, the use of special protection devices and automation, more careful supervision of electrical installations during their operation, etc. All this requires significant of biggest capital investment for energy industry. In many cases, in existing electrical networks, it is advisable to use factual monitoring tools that allow obtaining telemetry data and control and diagnostic parameters from a sufficient number of grid points to ensure automatic power recovery or damage detection to minimize the consequences of failures, localization of damage. Therefore, damage to any element in the electrical network or the system as a whole, there are transients that occur quickly. The mode parameters are significantly different from the allowable ones. Faults indicators for overhead and cable power lines are an effective means of monitoring that increase the efficiency of locating damage to electrical networks. Faults indicators its tools that allow automatic indication of the damaged section of the line, and used to determine interphase short circuits and SPGFs, detection of stable and unstable damage, depending on the type of neutral in low and medium voltage distribution networks. Therefore, this section of the monograph is devoted to issues related to ensuring the use of faults indicators for LV and MV distribution networks, and was contains: Consideration and solution of the above issues allowed forming within these work requirements for the use of faults indicators as part smart monitoring system of distribution power network of IPS of Ukraine. Moreover, need to use faults indicators for LV and MV power grid to ensure recovery power supply associated with unplanned interruptions in the operation of electrical networks.