Abstract
As the inverter-based generation replaces the conventional synchronous generators, it may also need to fill in the missing ancillary service support. One of these ancillary services is dynamic reactive power provision and voltage control. This paper analyzes optimal strategy of reactive and active fault-current support of the inverter-based generation leading to fast voltage recovery of the system. For the purpose of the analysis, new ramping active current controller able to emulate different behavior of active current injection is proposed. By optimizing its parameters for different case studies of the system, the conclusions about optimal behavior of the inverter based generation with respect to system parameters and operating conditions are drawn. It is observed that the optimal combination of active and reactive fault-current is the most sensitive to the dynamic load component penetration levels in the system. With the increasing penetration levels, the significance of active fault-current injection increases. The results show that with higher penetration levels of dynamic load component in the heavy load areas, the ramping down of the inverter-based generation active fault-current results in slower voltage recovery of the system. Following this conclusion, a recommendation on update of current European grid codes is proposed.
Highlights
The transition from conventional to renewable energy sources leads to increased share of Inverter-Based Generation (IBG) in power systems
The paper is organized into following sections: 1) Introduction - gives a brief description of the problem, research gap and main contributions of the paper; 2) Problem setup - sets up the problem of finding optimal IBG active current control strategies for fast voltage recovery and introduces methods used to solve it; 3) Case study - presents results of case studies with accompanying robustness analysis of proposed control designs; 4) Discussion - discusses results of the paper, limitations of the studies and future work; 5) Conclusion - concludes the paper
This is because it can be observed that bus 1042, to which the radial grid 2 is connected, is electrically quite far compared to buses 1041 and 1043. Another reason is that the grid connected to bus 1042 has enough reactive power capacity to control the voltage at bus 1042, making the optimization of the active current injection not a problem of interest when it comes to the fast voltage recovery at bus 1042
Summary
The transition from conventional to renewable energy sources leads to increased share of Inverter-Based Generation (IBG) in power systems. The analysis shows that a certain accuracy of load modeling is needed for optimal tuning of the proposed controller yielding the optimal or near optimal system voltage recovery This result is in line with the recent research done on load and Active Distribution Network (ADN) modeling for the purpose of system dynamics studies [13], [14]. The paper is organized into following sections: 1) Introduction - gives a brief description of the problem, research gap and main contributions of the paper; 2) Problem setup - sets up the problem of finding optimal IBG active current control strategies for fast voltage recovery and introduces methods used to solve it; 3) Case study - presents results of case studies with accompanying robustness analysis of proposed control designs; 4) Discussion - discusses results of the paper, limitations of the studies and future work; 5) Conclusion - concludes the paper
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