Abstract
This paper aims to explain the relationship between family formation and family responsibilities with the career rhythms of female lecturers. The sampling technique is cluster sampling, followed by the stratified random sampling technique. This study selected a sample of Diponegoro University. The sample size calculation uses the Krejcie and Morgan technique. The number of study respondents was 156 female lecturers. The results showed that family formation was related to career rhythms. The shorter the age of marriage, the more children they have, the lower the age of the first and last child, the slower the career rhythm. The relationship between family responsibility and career rhythm is negative, meaning that the higher the allocation of time, energy, and mind for the family, the lower the rhythm of his career. Most female lecturers work on their own various domestic activities. These activities include service to all family members, especially the preparation of food and work or school (for their children), maintenance of cleanliness and beauty of the house, and the provision of raw materials and consumption for all family members. Although institutional support is not gender discriminatory, female lecturers in developing careers with male lecturers do not equivalent. This shows that Undip female lecturers cannot take advantage of the various opportunities and opportunities available for career development. This is more due to the outpouring of energy, mind and attention to domestic activities (family) because children and families are more valuable than work for female lecturers. This is inseparable from the hegemony of patriarchal culture which is fertile and well-established in Indonesia in general and in Undip in particular.
Highlights
Various instruments for the elimination of discrimination against women in various aspects of life in general and work in particular have long been adopted by Indonesia, such as CEDAW [1], WID, GAD, and Gender Mainstreaming [2]
Variables of the family responsibilities of this study include a variety of domestic activities which include: service to the husband in terms of eating and various work preparations; cleaning activities, beauty of the house, and the environment; and activities to provide raw materials and consumption for all family members
Data shows that in general female lecturers are highly involved in domestic activities
Summary
Various instruments for the elimination of discrimination against women in various aspects of life in general and work in particular have long been adopted by Indonesia, such as CEDAW [1], WID, GAD, and Gender Mainstreaming [2]. Patriarchy includes the relationship of actors and institutions as male domination at the level of the individual to the level of society, that is, usually men hold positions of power in all aspects of life. This dominance comes from the ownership of wealth and sources of income of men as the first and main source. Patriarchy operates closely related to the cultural value system of the local community [10] This is what in gaining access, control, benefits, and participation of women and men in various aspects of life, including lame career development. It is this situation that in developing women's careers is said to face a glass ceiling, a discriminatory practice that prevents women from rising to executive positions [11], like other top structural and academic positions
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