Speech Functions of Male and Female Lecturers in the Classroom Interactions

Abstract

The research dealt with speech functions. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the types of speech functions made by male and female lecturers in the classroom interactions (2) to describe how the speech functions realized in mood (3) to elaborate the reason why the speech functions realized in mood as the way they are. The findings of this study revealed that: (1) the types of speech functions that have been found in male and female lecturers in the classroom are statement, question, command, offer, and minor. Which is the statement is more often used by male lecturer in the classroom interactions, then it is followed by question, command, offer and minor. While, the question is more often used by female lecturer in the classroom interactions, then it is followed by statement, command, offer and minor. (2) For the realization of speech functions of male and female lecturers, there are two ways that have been found in realization of speech functions of male and female lecturers in mood, namely, typical clause mood (congruent), and non-typical clause mood (incongruent or metaphor). In typical clause mood, there are four ways that have been found, namely statement that realized in declarative mood, then, command that realized in imperative mood, after that question that realized in interrogative mood and minor that realized in minor. Besides that, in non-typical clause mood, for male lecturer it just found three ways in realization of speech function in mood, namely statement is realized by interrogative, then command is realized by declarative and offer is realized by declarative. While for female lecturer it found four ways in realization of speech function in mood, namely question is realized by declarative, then statement is realized by interrogative, command is realized by declarative and offer is realized by declarative. (3) For the reason in realization of speech function of male and female lecturers in the classroom interactions, in this study, the researcher found because of situational context that is tenor. It occurs because the priority of the lecturers’ role giving information to the students in formal situation. The power is unequal power. The intensity of contact is relatively frequent contact. The affective involvement is still low. And the lecturers have become accustomed with a talkative method. Therefore in this study of speech functions of male and female lecturers in the classroom interactions, they have different ways into applying the language especially when doing interaction with their students. Which is they have their own ways in doing interaction with the student, even though they have different ways but their aim juts making the student comprehend and can know what the lecturer said is.